automobile exception造句

• This is known as the " automobile exception " to the Fourth Amendment's warrant requirement.
• The dissenting Justices criticized the court's decision by suggesting that the original rationale for the " automobile exception " was being ignored.
• Now, the court said, the so-called " automobile exception " is valid even when time is not an issue.
• Because the holdings rest on an incorrect reading of the automobile exception to the Fourth Amendment's warrant requirement, we grant the petitions for certiorari and reverse.
• One of the reasons for the " automobile exception " introduced by Carroll v . United States was that the mobility of automobiles makes it impractical to obtain a warrant.
• Sanders declined to extend the automobile exception here, again stressing, as in " Chadwick ", the heightened expectation of privacy in one's luggage.
• Since the police did not have probable cause to search the vehicle, they could not take advantage of the " automobile exception " to perform a warrantless search of the containers.
• The Court had to contrast the " automobile exception " with long standing court decisions which held that portable containers such as suitcases, despite their mobility, are not subject to the same warrantless search as automobiles.
• "The holding of the Court of Special Appeals that the ` automobile exception'requires a separate finding of exigency in addition to a finding of probable cause is squarely contrary to our previous holdings, " the high court said.
• The state sought to justify the search of a car owned by Edward Coolidge, suspected of killing 14-year-old Pamela Mason in January 1964, on three theories : automobile exception, search incident to arrest, and plain view.
• It ruled that for the automobile exception to the warrant requirement to apply, there must be not only probable cause to believe that evidence of a crime is contained in the car but also that police do not have time to get a warrant.
• Our first cases establishing the automobile exception to the Fourth Amendment's warrant requirement were based on the automobile's " ready mobility, " an exigency sufficient to excuse failure to obtain a search warrant once probable cause to conduct the search is clear.
• After surveying our precedents on the automobile exception as well as some of its own decisions, the court " conclude ( d ) that this Commonwealth's jurisprudence of the automobile exception has long required both the existence of probable cause and the presence of exigent circumstances to justify a warrantless search ."
• After surveying our precedents on the automobile exception as well as some of its own decisions, the court " conclude ( d ) that this Commonwealth's jurisprudence of the automobile exception has long required both the existence of probable cause and the presence of exigent circumstances to justify a warrantless search ."
• In those cases the authorities had first observed containers suspected of containing marijuana outside of a vehicle, where a warrant would be required to search them, and had waited until they were carried into a vehicle, at which point officers took advantage of the " automobile exception " to search the containers inside the vehicle.
• "Sanders " resolved two distinct lines of cases : on the one hand, " Carroll v . United States " laid down the automobile exception which allowed for warrantless searches of automobiles; on the other hand, " Chadwick " did not allow for a warrantless search of luggage.
• The appeals court in " Katzin " held that a warrant was indeed required to deploy GPS tracking devices, and further, that none of the narrow exceptions to the Fourth Amendment's warrant requirement ( e . g . exigent circumstances, the " automobile exception ", etc . ) were applicable.
• Respondent Labron claims we have no jurisdiction to review the judgment in his case because the Pennsylvania Supreme Court's opinion rests on an adequate and independent state ground, viz ., " this Commonwealth's jurisprudence of the automobile exception . "---Pa ., at---, 669 A . 2d, at 924.
• :" . . . the rationale justifying the automobile exception does not apply so as to permit a warrantless search of any movable container that is believed to be carrying an illicit substance and that is found in a public place-even when the container is placed in a vehicle ( not otherwise believed to be carrying contraband ) . " ( United States v . Ross, 456 U . S . 798)
• The Pennsylvania Supreme Court did discuss several of its own decisions; as it noted, however, some of those cases relied on an analysis of our cases on the automobile exception, see, e . g .,---Pa ., at---, 669 A . 2d, at 921 ( observing Commonwealth v . Holzer, 480 Pa . 93, 103, 389 A . 2d 101, 106 ( 1978 ), cited Coolidge v . New Hampshire, 403 U . S . 443 ( 1971 ) );---Pa ., at---, 669 A . 2d, at 924 ( stating Commonwealth v . White, supra, rested in part upon the Pennsylvania Supreme Court's analysis of Chambers v . Maroney, 399 U . S . 42 ( 1970 ) ).